AN INTERNATIONAL. FEED NOMENCLATURE3. Harris. Utah State University. Logan, Utah. 1. 1. International Network of Feed Information Centre (INFIC)Feeding farm animals is a process of priority decision- making involving at least two general conditions. The first is an abundance of food material which is not in a usable form or aesthetically acceptable as human food, and the second is a surplus of food material accompanied by a standard of living sufficiently high that the nutrient losses involved in feeding animals are compensated for by the increased desirability and nutritional excellence of foods of animal origin. Welcome to Babylon Floral Design, Denver's most unique flower boutique, specializing in cutting edge floral design and unique gift items. We strive to provide the. Examples of International Feed Descriptions with processes are given in Table 3. Facet 4: Stage of Maturity or Development. Although stage of maturity may be. Notes to Table 3.5: Baseline values were obtained using Atwater general factors of 16.7 kJ/g protein, 37.4 kJ/g fat and 16.7 kJ/g carbohydrate. Woman Suffering from Endometriosis Pens An Emotional Love Letter to Her Husband. Efforts should be made to maximize production; but also to allocate nutrient supplies in a competitive situation for the maximum benefit to the society concerned. These decisions are among the most critical that civilization faces today. This information is fundamental in assigning priorities to the use of available feed supplies in animal agriculture. German documentation began in 1. United States began in 1. Although there was some contact between the two centres for several years, it was not possible to combine or adapt the systems to each other. Personnel at the Utah (United States) centre contacted FAO concerning the need for world cooperation. ![]() ![]() FAO, in turn, sent a consultant to review on- going international activities in the fields of feed data collection and methods for retrieval of these data, and to report on possibilities for collaboration on an international basis. The report (Alderman, 1. FAO act as the coordinator for international activities in collection of data on feed composition and its summarization and dissemination. ![]() At that time representatives from several feed information services formed the International Network of Feed Information Centre (INFIC Publication 1, 1. Members (besides FAO) were: Australian Feed Information Centre, Sydney, Australia; Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada; International Feedstuffs Institute, Utah State University, Utah, U. S. A.. US AID Feed Composition Project, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A., and Universit. In the meantime, the US AID Feed Composition Project in Florida has been terminated and its responsibilities were transferred to the Utah Centre. Participation by other feed information services throughout the world is encouraged by INFIC. 2 000 Calorie Diet Daily Values Table RockAll centres function independently with regard to financing, personnel, data retrieval, research and publications. This means that a precise nomenclature had to be established. This nomenclature contains controlled terms (descriptors) which constitute the . These descriptors are used for coining the international names of feed. Thus, the nomenclature can be expanded by combining the existing descriptors. As new technology develops for processing human foods, additional by- products are constantly being introduced. Unless well- defined guidelines are established for naming these products, confusion will reign. Many grain products are changed by subjecting them to some form of mechanical process; e. This often results in an alteration in the nutritive value of feeds. Generally, these changes increase nutritive values resulting in increased efficiency of animal production. However, this complicates the task of precisely naming these materials. Finding The Right Contractor Shouldn't Be Painful Doing the right home improvement or remodeling project can add real value to any type of home, if done correctly and. During the morning screening visit, fasting glucose (<6.1 mmol/L) and normal blood count values were verified, followed by a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT. A pancreatitis diet needs to be as fat free as humanly possible which means a very, LOW fat diet. Unfortunately the body requires some fat content in our foods but. Calorie Restriction Diet A dietary intervention to increase life span. Calorie Restriction (CR) is a diet in which calorie intake is reduced, compared to diets that. The names of many feeds are controlled officially by regulation in the U. S. A., Canada and the European Community. These names include descriptions of processes used in their manufacture and may include guarantees of quality. Such names, however, are usually common or trade names and do not describe the feed accurately. This complicates the identification of feeds. A new international system was proposed by Harris (1. Harris etal. This system was modified and is now known as the International Feed Vocabulary. Plotter Paper for Wide Format Inkjet. 20lb Inkjet CAD Bond 36 x 150 Foot Roll - 4 Roll Carton - FREE SHIPPING. Portuguese and Spanish versions are being prepared. These International Feed Names are now in wide use. Each feed name is coined by using descriptors taken from one or more of six facets. The origin or parent materials may be one of three types. For specific plants and animals, each descriptor of this facet is composed of. Feeds should be described by their common names at up to three levels as far as this is possible. The first level should be the generic name; e. The second level should be more specific (such as breed or kind); e. Hereford, cod red (clover), winter (wheat), etc. The third level should list other important characteristics (such as strain; e. Delmar) (see Table 1). This component of the feed description represents the actual part of the parent material fed. In the past, the edible parts of plants and animals were obvious such as leaves, stems, seeds, meat trimmings, or bones. ![]() ![]() Today, due to the extensive fractionation of plant seeds and the reconstitution of many of the parts into new processed foods, innumerable by- products are available for animal feeding. Some feeds may have no specific origin, and are described by their common name; e. The chemical formula are designated where applicable. Many processes may be used in the preparation of a feed for consumption and some of these may significantly alter their nutritional value. Heat may damage some nutrients and, conversely, it may make others nutritionally more available. Pelleting increases consumption while grinding may affect digestibility of protein and carbohydrates. Also, the type of animal and its physiology must be considered relative to these factors. Therefore, origin and part terms are followed by those distinguishing the different methods of processing which are used alone or combined; such as separating, reducing size or thermal. The term dehydrated (descriptor: DEHY) when applied to AERIAL PART means feeds which are artificially dried. Similarly, FAN AIR DRIED indicates the AERIAL PART (hay) dried indoors by air convection. Although stage of maturity may be unimportant or may not even apply to many feeds such as grain by- products, it is probably the most important factor influencing the nutritive value of forages. There is an optimal stage of maturity for forage crops beyond which lignification or the reduction of the ratio of leaf to stem greatly reduces digestibility. Examples of International Feed Descriptions with stage of maturity for plants and animals are given in Table 4. ![]() Many forage crops are cut and harvested several times during the year. Each cutting has a unique nutrient content as well as characteristic physical properties. The descriptor for cutting refers to the sequence of cutting from the first to the last during the year (cut 1, cut 2, etc.). The maturity terms refer to stage of growth or of regrowth and, therefore, must be considered within the limits of cutting. For irrigated forages, the count should start from the first crop. Examples of International Feed Descriptions with cuttings are given in Table 5. Some commercial feeds and feed ingredients are given official grades on the basis of their composition and other quality characteristics. Such feeds are sold on a quality description basis in accordance with their official gradings. Thus, these grades and quality designations must be included as a definitive component in the description of the feed. These guarantees for various attributes are expressed in terms of . LOW GOSSYPOL is an example of a quality grade. These guarantees and quality are used as descriptors in this facet. Examples of International Feed Descriptions with grade are given in Table 5. Feeds are grouped into eight classes on the basis of their composition in the way they are used for formulating diets (Table 6). For instance, some bran samples may contain over 1. Forages. or roughages are low in net energy per unit weight, usually because of. Thus, such products as SEED COATS, PODS, rice. BRAN, etc. The feed descriptions are maintained in an . The first digit of this IFN denotes the class of feed. This reference number is used in computer programmes to identify the feed for use in calculating diets, summarization of the data, for printing feed composition tables and for retrieving on- line data for calculating diets for maximum profit. It is numerically identified by the IFN. This is illustrated by examples in Table 7. Specific Origin. Class 1. Class 2. Class 3. Class 4. Class 5. Class 6genus. Trifolium. Avena. Medicago. Zea. Box. Magnesiumspecies. Pratense. Sativa. Sativa. Mays. Taurus. Carbonatevariety- -- Indentata- -generic. Clover. Oats. Alfalfa. Maize. Cattle. Magnesiumbreed or kind. Red- -Dent. Guernsey. Carbonatestrain- -- Yellow- Mg. CO3part. Aerial part. Aerial part. Aerial part. Grain. Milk- process. Sun- cured. Fresh. Ensiled. Dehy. Spray dehy. Groundmaturity. Late vegetative. Early bloom. Early bloom- -- cutting. Cut 2- Cut 1- -- grade- -- Grade 2 6. G/L- -International Feed Number. Non Specific Origin. Class 1. Class 2. Class 3. Class 4. Class 5. Class 6genus. Meadow plants. Grass. Legume. Bakery. Animal. Rock phosphatespecies. Inter- mountain- -- -- variety- -- -- -Non Specific Origin. Class 1. Class 2. Class 3. Class 4. Class- 5. Class 6generic. Meadow plants. Grass. Legume. Bakery. Animal. Rock phosphatebreed or kind. Inter- mountain- -- -- strain- -- -- -part. Aerial part. Aerial part. Aerial part. Waste. Blood- process. Sun- cured. Fresh. Ensiled. Dehy. Spray dehy. Groundmaturity. Late bloom. Early bloom- -- -cutting. Cut 1- -- -- grade- -- -- -International Feed Number. Short names are used for Feed Composition Tables, compiled for use in particular countries or regions, when it is inconvenient to use the longer and more precise International Feed Description; however, the Short dame cannot be used for describing a feed when adding material to the feed data bank. In some countries feeds have been given official names. Usually, these names are not used as international feed descriptions because they are either incomplete or do not begin with the origin or parent material. However, they are used as additional names to relate the country name to the international feed description.
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